以中间相沥青为原料,通过加入中间相碳微球和溶剂抽提两种方法对中间相沥青进行改性,实现了对中间相沥青基泡沫碳的微观结构的调控,对两种方法进行了对比讨论.结果表明,改性后沥青制备的泡沫碳的裂纹数量较少,长度较短,并且泡沫碳的孔径较小;加入55%中间相碳微球的沥青制备的泡沫碳的炭化(1573 K)后的压缩强度高达26.2 MPa,在2 873 K石墨化后强度达到17.7 MPa,热导率为41.4 W/(m·K).利用甲苯抽提后的沥青得到的泡沫碳在炭化(1 573 K)后强度高达30.0 MPa,在2 873 K石墨化后强度达到9 MPa,热导率达到80 W/(m·K).
In the present work,the modified mesophase pitches were used as precursors to prepare carbon foam. The modification of mesophase pitch could tailor the microstructure of as-prepared carbon foam. Amount of cracks in as-prepared carbon foam was less than that of carbon foam derived from pure mesophase pitch, and the length of cracks in as-prepared carbon foam was shorter. Moreover, the pore diameter of as-prepared foam was smaller. Carbon foam with compressive strength of 26.2 MPa was obtained by adding 55% MCMBs into mesophase pitch. After graphitization at 2873K,carbon foam with compressive strength of 17.7 MPa and thermal conductivity of 43.7 W/(m·K) was obtained. Carbon foams derived from mesophase pitch treated by toluene extraction after carbonization at 1 573 K had a high compressive strength of 30.0 MPa. After graphitization at 2 873 K, the foams had a compressive strength of 9 Mpa and a thermal conductivity of 80 W/(m·K).
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