为了得到具有优良的分散性和导电性的碳气凝胶,研究了碳气凝胶的硝酸氧化改性温度对碳气凝胶的结构和性能的影响.通过FTIR、XPS、Zeta电位、XRD和N2等温吸附-脱附等技术对样品进行表征,结果表明:硝酸氧化改善分散性的机理在于对碳气凝胶表面的含氧官能团数量的改变,而且氧化温度越高,含氧官能团的数量就越多,碳气凝胶的分散性就越好;与此相反,较低温度的氧化处理有利于保持碳气凝胶的导电性(40℃,87.7%),而高温氧化由于易使碳气凝胶的微孔迅速增多从而导致其电导率急剧下降(100℃,2.5%).
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