对纳米炭黑(UC)、特导纳米炭黑(L6)、碳纳米管(CNT)三种材料在8～18 GHz波段吸波涂层进行了优化设计及吸波性能分析.结果表明,三种材料的复介电常数随着纳米碳材料质量分数的增加,其实部和虚部均以不同的速度增大.利用理论计算的Cole-Cole图,结合实验测得的复介电常数,求解出这三种材料理想的介电常数,材料的质量分数和吸波涂层的匹配厚度.结果表明,CNT的吸波效果最好,当CNT质量分数为20％涂层、厚度为1.6mm时,反射衰减率在11.2～ 15 GHz均优于-10 dB吸收峰最大值,达到29.6 dB.
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