为了减小瞬态热线法测量纳米流体导热系数时易受电磁干扰和自然对流等因素的影响,更好地探究新型换热工质的强化传热机理,研制了3ω法实验台,采用锁相放大器测得交流加热铂丝的3倍频电压响应,拟合算出待测液体的导热系数.先通过对常规液体蒸馏水、乙二醇以及酒精溶液的测量,验证了实验台的精度和可靠性.然后采用两步法合成了稳定性较高的多壁纳米碳管悬浮液,测得其各体积分数和各温度下的导热系数.实验结果表明,3ω法具有较好的电磁兼容性,测量时温升不超过0.5K,可以有效地减小对流传热和辐射传热的影响,且可以通过1ω电压来判断纳米流体的稳定性;纳米碳管悬浮液的导热系数比基液和Hamilton-Crosser预测值明显提高,并且分别随纳米碳管含量的增加和温度升高而加大.
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