分子可通过相分隔、静电和氢键等作用形成特定微观结构的自组织.氢键或磺酸基、味唑等官能团在有机材料中自组织后会形成空间连续分布的质子传递通道,通过Grutthuss机理或运载机理实现稳定的质子传导.基于不同的自组织及传导机理,有机质子传导体系可由共混物或单组分构建.评述了有机自组织在质子传导材料中的研究进展,并对双亲聚合物-水体系、酸-碱对共混物、嵌段共聚物、有机-无机复合体和液晶材料的质子传导特性进行了比较.
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