提出了一种基于W态的量子确定性密钥分发方案,方案采用在量子信道中传输更加稳定的W态作为承载信息的粒子,利用量子相干特性以及一串公开的信息序列S作为密钥分发的关键,在兼顾传输粒子稳定性的前提下能够达到54.54％的密钥分发效率,与使用GHZ态相比,在效率相差无几的情况下保证粒子在传输过程中具有更强的鲁棒性.安全分析表明,此方案能经受窃听者采取的截获-转发(重发)攻击和纠缠攻击两种攻击方式,确保通信安全可靠.同时,该方案在执行过程中不涉及任何幺正操作,简单便捷.
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