由均四甲苯出发,通过甲醛/H+交联及进一步热处理合成了低软化点(260 ℃)、高H/C原子比(0.86)、富含甲基基团、分子结构呈完全渺位缩合构型的中间相沥青.研究了该中间相沥青纤维的不熔化行为,发现它呈现出与一般石油系或煤焦油系中间相沥青的不同氧化行为,虽然具有较高的氧化反应性(在150 ℃开始与氧反应),但要实现纤维的完全不熔化却需较多量的氧与之交联.以0.2℃.min-1(170 ℃～260 ℃)的升温速率升到260 ℃,恒温180 min得到的不熔化纤维的氧含量达17.6 %,其炭纤维强度可达2100 MPa.沥青呈现高氧化反应性的原因在于体系中含有较多量的甲基、亚甲基及孤立芳氢,它们引发了氧化反应的快速;中间相沥青的渺位缩合构型分子及小芳香核片的存在是不熔化过程需要多量氧的原因.
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