通过热引发方式使炸药-催化剂前驱体-碳氢化合物体系在密闭反应管中发生爆炸合成碳纳米管.采用TEM,HRTEM,XRD和TG等方法研究了以二茂铁、甲酸镍和乙酸钴作为催化剂前驱体对所合成碳纳米管产物的形貌、微观结构和纯度的影响.以乙酸钴为前驱体可以得到纯度较高(约80 %～90 %)、微观结构较好的管腔中空的碳纳米管.以二茂铁为前驱体,只有约10 %～20 %的碳管生成且多呈竹节状形貌.以甲酸镍为前驱体,得到的碳管纯度也不高(约10 %～20 %),碳管管壁富含结构缺陷,相当多的碳管端口膨胀成直径约为160 nm的纳米泡.XRD分析表明这些催化剂前驱体在爆炸反应后均被分解、还原为金属单质.通过对生成的碳纳米管的质量和纯度进行比较,得出本方法中催化剂的催化活性依次为:钴>铁>镍,并对本方法中高碳源浓度环境下不同催化剂的活性差异作了简要分析.
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