以合成中间相萘沥青为原料,采用加压发泡法制备孔径均匀的初生炭泡沫体,经700℃～1000℃和2300℃～2800℃热处理制备出炭化和石墨化炭泡沫体;以700℃炭化处理所得的炭泡沫体作为芯材制成夹芯复合材料.研究了原料性能、发泡以及热处理工艺参数对炭泡沫微观结构和力学性能的影响,考察了炭泡沫体夹芯复合材料的微波吸收性能.结果表明:发泡过程中保持均匀的温度场是制备孔径均匀的炭泡沫体的关键因素,压力是影响孔结构的主要因素.炭泡沫体的微晶结构、力学性能以及微波吸收性能沿xy和xz面方向(分别表示垂直和平行于重力方向)具有各向异性.
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