从羧基定量化出发,采用红外光谱法、热重分析法和X-射线光电子能谱法详尽研究了氧化处理方法与多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)上引入羧基量的关系.结果表明,硝酸氧化法、混酸氧化法和混酸与过氧化氢共同氧化法均可以使MWCNTs表面产生羧基.热重分析法和XPS分析法可以定量分析MWCNTs表面羧基的含量,并且分析结果相近.XPS分析表明,2.5 mol/L硝酸氧化48 h可以使MWCNTs表面产生摩尔分数为4.80%的-COOH,而混酸(浓HNO3与浓H2SO4体积比为1:3)氧化4h可产生摩尔分数为5.35%的-COOH,如果进一步由质量分数20%的过氧化氢氧化2 h,MWCNTs表面产生的-COOH摩尔分数提高到7.55%.
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