以椰壳为原料,ZnCl2为活化剂,用同步物理-化学活化法制备活性炭.所得的炭样品用氮吸附法表征,并根据77 K时的吸附-脱附等温线计算了它们的比表面和孔结构参数.用恒流充放电和循环伏安法研究了由活性炭电极与KOH电解质构成的双电层电容器的性能.结果显示,在5 mA时放电,活性炭比电容最高达到360 F/g;在大电流50 mA时,比容量仍超过200 F/g.同时分析研究了炭材料比表面积和孔径对电化学性能的影响,发现比表面积与比电容关联性不明显;而孔径大小对炭材料的比电容影响很大.在小电流放电时,中孔炭表面对比电容的贡献明显大于微孔炭表面;随着放电电流的增加,由中孔炭表面构成的双电层电容下降显著,而微孔炭表面的双电层电容下降幅度较小.在大电流放电时,孔径在1.5 nm～2 nm的较大微孔对储存电能起主要作用.
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