提出了一种新的膜分离过程即非离子W/O型微乳液-中空纤维膜萃取,所用非离子型微乳液体系为(OP-7+OP-4)/苯甲醇/D2EHPA/煤油/盐酸.在不同微乳液流速、料液流速、微乳液内相盐酸浓度、料液浓度、以及不同中空纤维膜数等条件下进行了微乳液-中空纤维膜逆流萃取Nd3+的研究.结果表明,微乳液和料液流速越小,萃取率越高,内相富集倍数越大.微乳液内相盐酸浓度越大,萃取率越高,但富集倍数反而减小.料液初始浓度越小,萃取率和富集倍数越大.当微乳液流速为6 mL/min、料液与微乳液流速比为3∶1、微乳液内相盐酸浓度为4 mol/L、料液浓度为200mg/L时,经过微乳液在三个中空纤维膜萃取器中的串联萃取,Nd3+的萃取率达96.3%,内相Nd3+浓度为4 238 mg/L,是萃余料液浓度的572.7倍,内相富集倍数为21.2.膜萃取过程与膜溶剂萃取相比对Nd3+有更高的萃取效率.
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