以浓度<1 g/L的苯酚水溶液来模拟低浓度含酚废水,采用Alfa Laval Nakskov A/S错流式平板膜装置Lab Unit M20,比较了NF90、NF97、NF99、NF99HF 4种商业纳滤膜对苯酚的截留效果,结果表明:相同操作条件下NF97性能最好,25℃,3.0 MPa时对苯酚的截留率为79%.研究中亦考查了膜面流速(0.39～0.96 m/s)、温度(20～40℃)、压力(0.5～3.0MPa)、pH(3～11)、模拟废水的苯酚浓度(0.01～1 g/L)、盐浓度(1～3 g/L)对苯酚截留率的影响.结果表明:温度升高,苯酚截留率下降;压力增大可提高对苯酚的截留率,压力达到3.0MPa后,苯酚截留率随压力的变化已趋于平缓;pH值对纳滤膜截留能力的影响显著,在pH11时,NF90、NF97、NF99、NF99HF对苯酚的截留率分别为90%、97%、82%、75%;膜面流速对4种纳滤膜苯酚截留率的影响较小.对于低浓度含酚废水,可以考虑利用纳滤膜浓缩后,再用传统的萃取工艺处理,以实现低浓度含酚废水的综合利用,酚类物质有效回收,减小环境负荷.常温,膜面流速0.6 m/s,压力3.0 MPa,可以作为NF97纳滤膜浓缩低浓度含酚废水的参考工艺条件.
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