综述了聚合物膜制备过程中的相关基础问题和取得的研究进展.通过铸膜液邻近比和凝胶邻近比描述制膜体系的热力学状态和凝胶特性,借助于延迟相分离时间与凝胶时间来描述膜的形成过程.通过“黏性指进”来解释大孔腔的形成,从铸膜液邻近比和厚度梯度膜的概念上调控膜结构在指状孔与海绵状孔之间的转变.对于中空纤维和平板膜的制备来说,铸膜液的流变特性强烈影响着膜的结构与分离性能.通过Extreme模型把孔径分布函数与截留分子量关联在一起,对表征膜的分离特性起到指导作用.
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