用有限元法研究了GCr15钢圆柱体在油淬过程中的温度、组织及应力变化.在实测了淬火油换热系数的基础上,对轴对称空心圆柱体淬火时的温度场和组织场进行了模拟.同时运用热弹塑性理论,对圆柱体内外表面点及中心点应力的演化过程进行了模拟.模拟结果表明:圆柱体内表面的冷速小于外表面.在淬火初期,由于热应力的作用使工件表面受拉而心部受压,在发生应力反向前,发生了组织转变,并使表面应力迅速转向,在应力达到最低点后又逐渐回升,最后表面形成了拉应力.心部的应力变化正好相反,最终形成了组织应力型的内应力分布.
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