对淬火和不同温度回火处理的37SiMnCrNiMoV超高强度钢和60Si2Mn弹簧钢的电解抛光表面和磨削表面的X射线衍射线的半高宽和显微硬度进行测量,并通过线形分析得到了两种表面的亚晶粒尺寸和微观应变.结果表明,随着回火温度的升高,电解抛光表面的半高宽和显微硬度均逐渐减小.比起电解抛光表面,高温回火试样磨削表面的亚晶粒尺寸减小、微观应变增大,使得其半高宽和显微硬度都增大了,它说明磨削表面得到了加工硬化.而低温回火试样磨削表面的亚晶粒尺寸减小,但微观应变也减小了,其显微硬度增大,半高宽却减小了.200℃回火37SiMnCrNiMoV钢磨削表面的屈服强度比电解抛光表面的高出约400MPa.显微硬度和屈服强度的提高说明磨削也使低温回火试样磨削表面得到加工硬化,其微观应变和半高宽的减小是异常的.文中讨论了这种异常减小的机制.
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