采用熔化和汽化两种模式对纯镁表面进行了脉冲电子束轰击处理,并在实验和理论基础上用数值方法模拟了温度场、熔化过程及汽化过程的演化.结果表明,在熔化模式下,次表层先熔化和准静态压应力共同作用导致次表层液滴喷发,形成典型的火山口形貌,并产生强的瞬间冲击热应力;在汽化模式下,沸腾在表层一定范围内同时进行,使得表面起伏不平,并产生大量小液滴,在电子束流中,这些小液滴被充上负电,并在电场力的作用下重新返回表面,从而解释了汽化后的特殊表面形貌.汽化量的计算值与实测值也符合较好.
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