利用液氮球磨和真空热压技术制备了纳米晶纯铝块体材料.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)对材料的晶粒尺寸和微观组织进行研究,分析了影响热稳定性的因素和强化机理.研究表明,液氮球磨以后材料晶粒尺寸为37nm,经过真空热压和热挤压后晶粒有所长大,晶粒大小约300nm,纳米晶结构基本得到保持.分析晶粒热稳定性的原因在于球磨过程中生成的AlN等粒子的晶界钉扎以及引入的杂质溶质的拖拽作用.纳米晶纯铝块体的拉伸强度极限σb为173MPa,伸长率εf为17.5%.
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