以富含多环芳香烃的廉价有机物为前驱体,采用化学活化方法制备了超级电容器用高比表面活性炭和活性炭电极.考察了活化温度对活性炭电极比电容量的影响,研究了活性炭材料的比表面积和孔结构与活性炭电极的充放电性能之间的关系,并对活性碳电极进行了电化学表征.结果表明,在500～700 ℃范围内,随着活化温度的提高,活性炭电极的比电容量显著增大,当活化温度超过700 ℃时,活性炭电极材料的比电容量变化不明显.700 ℃活化温度下所制备的活性炭材料呈现明显的多孔结构,孔容为1.038 cm3/g,比表面积为1 959 m2/g;所制成的活性炭电极比电容量为210 F/g,等效内阻为0.9 Ω/cm2,10 mA/cm2充放电500次后保持90%以上电容量,交流阻抗图谱在频率低于转化点时表现出纯粹的电容行为,循环伏安曲线显示出良好的可逆特性.
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