综述了现代锂离子二次电池负极材料研究的三个重点方向即碳材料、锡基负极材料、Sn-Fe-C合金材料。这三种材料在锂嵌入与脱出的过程中都形成活性物质／惰性基体物质结构的材料，其中活性物质与锂反应提供容量，惰性物质维持基本结构保证循环寿命。分析了形成活性物质／惰性基体物质结构的过程及储锂机理。
Studies of carbonaceous materials, tin-based materials and Sn-Fe-C alloying materials for anode materials of lithium ion secondary battery have been reviewed. The three kinds of materials have a common structural character which is during the course of lithium intercalated and deintercalated the materials formed active/inactive structure. The active center reacts with lithium providing capacity and inactive matrix acts as network providing cycling life. The physical mechanism for lithium insertion and the active/inactive structure have been analyzed.
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