用机械合金化方法制备了具有单斜晶体结构的纳米晶、硬磁性、单相Fe5C2化合物粉末和软磁性好的纳米晶Fe55Ni45(f.c.c)过饱和固溶体粉末及纯α-Fe(b.c.c)超细粉末.并将上述硬磁和软磁粉末按一定的原子百分比混合后继续球磨10h,生成Fe5C2/α-Fe双相结构的复合材料.发现制备态复相材料的饱和磁化强度Ms高于制备态单相Fe5C2,而矫顽力Hc比制备态Fe5C2略低.当样品在相变温度以下进行低真空退火后其磁性得到更大提高.发现400C真空退火后,成分为(Fe5C2)94(Fe55Ni45)6的复相样品,其饱和磁化强度Ms和矫顽力Hc比制备态单相Fe5C2样品分别高出37%和48%,比退火态单相Fe5C2样品分别高出18%和12%.实验证实纳米晶Fe5C2/α-Fe双相复合材料具有较优的综合硬磁性,有望成为一种新的磁记录介质,并对这一实验结果进行了讨论.
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