从高导热复合构型、高导热复合界面及新型高导热纳米碳增强体3个方面,综述了热管理用铜基和铝基功能复合材料的研究进展,并对高导热金属基复合材料的未来发展方向进行了预测与展望.在材料组分相同的情况下,基于金属基体与导热增强体之间复合构型和复合界面的差异,制备的金属基复合材料的导热与热膨胀性能会发生显著变化.此外,由于纳米增强体与基体在形貌、尺寸及表面化学性质等方面的不相容性,在新型高导热金属基纳米复合材料的研发过程中,更需要兼顾高导热复合构型与复合界面的优化设计.可以预言,采用碳纳米管、石墨烯纳米片等新型纳米碳增强体,设计与制备具有微/纳米跨尺度分级复合构型的金属基复合材料将成为未来的研究热点.
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