材料期刊网

作为结构功能一体化材料，多孔钛在众多工业领域具有广泛的应用前景，已成为近年来十分活跃的研究方向。简要回顾了多孔钛的研究历史，重点介绍了多孔钛的制备方法与孔结构，并对多孔钛的渗透性能、力学性能和耐腐蚀性能以及主要的商业应用进行了介绍。众多研究和应用表明，多孔钛的性能与功能强烈依赖于孔结构，不同方法制备多孔钛的孔结构可以归纳为均一孔结构、双峰孔结构、梯度孔结构、蜂窝结构和闭孔结构5种类型。除孔结构外，与致密钛合金一样，多孔钛的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能还对间隙元素C，N，O敏感，制备过程中应加以控制。与基于粉末固态扩散机制的传统制备技术相比，增材制造技术由于可以获得任意形式的孔结构，在多孔钛未来的发展和应用中，将呈现出越来越重要的作用。

Porous titanium has evolved into an important class of metallic materials and is the choice of material for many industrial applications,and the R&D activities on porous titanium have shown a strong uptrend in recent years.This paper begins by providing a brief review of the history of porous titanium and then discusses the preparation processes and char-acteristics of porous titanium materials.The permeability,mechanical property and corrosion behavior of porous titanium are reviewed subsequently,followed by selected examples of their commercial applications.The properties of porous titani-um are mainly determined by the pore structure.Using different techniques,porous titanium with uniform,bimodal,gra-dient,honeycomb or closed pore structures can be produced.In addition,similar to the fabrication of dense titanium mate-rials,the interstitial impurities (O,N and C)in porous titanium should be strictly controlled for both desired mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.Additive manufacturing or 3D metal printing provides a powerful platform for the design and fabrication of novel porous titanium structures compared to conventional powder metallurgy.Future developments of porous titanium will continue to be driven by applications but the new design freedom offered by additive manufacturing is expected to play an increasingly important role.