材料期刊网

一直以来，由创伤、肿瘤切除和先天畸形引起的临界性骨缺损的临床治疗都存在极大的挑战，包括自体骨移植在内的传统骨缺损治疗方法，由于供体不足和免疫排斥反应等问题，已经不足以满足临床需求。而组织工程的发展改变了骨修复的传统治疗模式，基于人工和天然生物材料的各种组织工程复合支架被用于修复受损骨。与此同时，也有越来越多的学者认识到骨膜在骨缺损修复中的重要作用，尤其是组织工程支架的整合性和血管化。除了自体或异体骨膜移植，研究者将组织工程的理念融入到骨膜修复中，从结构和功能上模拟天然骨膜。从组织工程骨膜的不同设计理念出发，简单回顾了4类组织工程骨膜的研究进展，包括结构仿生型、微观结构仿生型、血管化型和外力刺激型，这些将为骨组织工程构建和骨膜深入研究提供理论基础并开启新的思路和方法。

Always, the clinical therapy of critical?sized bone defects caused by trauma, tumor removal surgery and con?genital malformation undergoes great challenges. The traditional treatments for bone defects, including autografting, are unable to meet the clinical needs because of the shortage of donors and immunological rejection. The development of tissue engineering changes the traditional treatment modes, and various tissue engineering cell?biomaterial composite scaffolds based on synthetic and natural biomaterials have been implemented to reconstruct injured bone. At the same time, more re?searchers are aware of the important role of periosteum in the bone defect healing, especially the integration and vascular?ization of the scaffold materials. Except the periosteum grafts ( auto?or allo?) , researchers also provide a biomimetic meth?odology that integrates the concept of tissue engineering into the periosteum repair. A variety of periosteum tissue engineer?ing have been proposed, which biomimic the native periosteum from structure or function. Here we simply review four types of functional tissue engineering periosteum, including structure biomimic, micro?structure biomimic, vascularization and mechanical stimulation, which would provide theoretical basis and open new opportunities for the construction of bone tis?sue engineering and the research of periosteum.