为了拓展镁合金的进一步应用,寻找一种理想的加工工艺、 提升综合性能是镁合金未来发展方向.基于塑性变形构筑梯度纳米结构镁合金,具有细晶与粗晶的综合特征,能够有效克服纳米结构低塑性和低韧性的缺陷,明显提升材料的强度、 耐磨性能等各项力学性能以及热稳定性,最大程度上提升了镁合金的综合性能.本文从梯度纳米结构镁合金的制备工艺、 形成机理以及各项性能的变化等方面入手,系统介绍了国内外梯度纳米结构镁合金的研究现状.针对进一步拓展梯度纳米结构镁合金在工业基础中的应用,本文还提出了若干改进梯度纳米结构镁合金性能的建议,如耐蚀性能和疲劳性能,以期为梯度纳米结构镁合金未来的研究与发展提供更有价值的参考.
The future direction for expanding applications of Mg alloys is searching an ideal process and enhancing the comprehensive properties. Based on the function of plastic deformation, Mg alloys with gradient nano structure, combining the characteristic of nano grain and coarse grain, can overcome the low plasticity and toughness of nano structure and significantly improve the mechanical performance like strength, wear resistance and thermal stability. Thus, Mg alloys with gradient nano structure can enhance the integrated performance to the maximum extent. This paper reviews the domestic and foreign research status of Mg alloys with gradient nano structure in terms of preparation process, the mechanism of formation and the variation of properties. However, Mg alloys with gradient nano structure exhibited inferior corrosion resistance. The combination of coating and gradient nano structure will be the key point of future to improve the corrosion resistance. Aimed at expanding the industry application of Mg alloys with gradient nano structure, this paper also proposes several advices and underlines the importance of corrosion resistance and fatigue property, looking forward to providing more valuable information for the future.
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