材料期刊网

受到石墨烯的成功制备及其优异性质的影响,新型二维材料的探索和研究成为近年来的研究热点,比如六角氮化硼、硅烯、黑磷以及过渡金属硫化物等,这些材料同样也展现出了优良的性质以及广阔的应用前景,比如在场效应管、光电器件以及清洁能源等领域.另一方面,随着电子元器件的不断小型化,器件中热耗散问题成为制约其性能的关键问题,特别是在微纳米尺度器件中,这使得对二维材料热传导性质的研究显得尤为重要.针对几种典型的二维材料,总结了热传导研究领域在理论计算以及实验测量方面的最新进展.这些二维材料由于其多样的结构特性和成键方式展现出各异的热传导性质,可从石墨烯中的高热导率(2500～5000 Wm-1 K-1)跨度到黑磷中较低的热导率(9 ～30 Wm-1K-1).此外,还特别分析了在二维材料中出现的一些独特物理现象,比如尺寸效应、掺杂和表面吸附效应以及基底效应等.最后,对二维材料的一些功能化应用研究进行了概括.

The successful synthesis and unique properties of graphene attract extensive attentions in exploring two-dimensional (2D) materials,such as hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN),silicene,black phosphorus,and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs),due to their promising applications in electronics,optoelectronics and clean energy.On the other hand,the heat dissipation and management have become crucial issues for limiting the device performances in the micro-and nano-electronics industry.This paper reviews the state-of-the-art research progresses on the thermal transport properties of 2D materials from both theoretical and experimental investigations.Originated from their different crystal structures and bonding interactions,diverse thermal transport abilities are revealed in these materials.For example,the thermal conductivity can range from a superior high value (2500 ～5000 Wm-1K-1) in graphene to a lower value (9 ～30 Wm-1K-1) in black phosphorus.Moreover,some physical factors affecting thermal transport are also discussed,including the size effect,defects and doping effects,as well as the substrate effect.The thermal conductivity of 2D materials exhibits unique size dependence that is completely different from that of bulk materials,in addition,the large surface and vibration mode in 2D materials make it more sensitive to the external perturbations,such as defect,doping,and substrate.Finally,some functional applications of 2D materials are also summarized,such as heat dissipation,thermal rectification and thermoelectric application.