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碳点(碳量子点)是在紫外-可见光吸收区域具有有效吸收的、可多色发光的新型碳纳米材料,在生物医学、环境能源和催化领域有着重要的研究应用前景.但是,在过去的10年中,无论是自上而下还是自下而上的方法,所制备碳点的发光大部分集中在蓝光-橙光范围.最近,随着制备方法的改进,有多种方法制备出了红光或近红外发光的碳点.本文简述了近3年来各类代表性的制备碳点的方法,并主要介绍了红光或近红外发光碳点的制备新进展.

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