材料期刊网

为探索城郊污染河道底泥磷释放的控制技术，选择无锡市城郊河道长广溪不同污染类型河段（农田区、农田支流区、生活区、工业区、一期修复区、二期修复区、一期修复支流区），采集底泥原状泥柱，进行锁磷剂和黄沙覆盖控磷技术处理，室内培养3周，测定磷的控制效果．结果发现，长广溪不同污染类型河段底泥中磷的释放速率具有明显差异，农田区、农田支流区、生活区、工业区、一期修复区、二期修复区、一期修复支流区的底泥磷的释放速率分别为：0?767、0?383、0?317、0?672、0?370、0?027、0?458μg P·m－2·d－1．除二期修复区外，所有河段的水体磷含量及底泥释放量均较高，生态修复时有必要进行底泥磷释放控制，其中农田区及工业区底泥污染最重，磷的释放速率也最高．锁磷剂和黄沙覆盖对所有河段底泥的磷释放均有较强的控制作用，锁磷剂的控制效率在81．25％—100％之间，黄沙的控制效率在62．50％—93．24％之间；对于农田区、农田支流区、一期修复区及一期修复支流区河段，黄沙和锁磷剂均能有效将底泥磷释放控制到较低水平，满足河道磷控制的目标，但对于工业区和生活区河段，只有锁磷剂能够达到控制目标，黄沙的控制效果不理想．研究表明，在太湖流域的城郊污染河道的生态修复中，锁磷剂和黄沙均可作为底泥磷控制材料使用，黄沙在部分类型水体可以替代锁磷剂，而锁磷剂的效果稳定，作用持久，操作简便，是相对更好的底泥控磷材料．

For exploring urban pollution of river sediment phosphorus release control technology, choosing different pollution sections of Changguangxi River ( include Farmland pollution section, farmland tributary section, sewage polluted section, industrial pollution section, First?term restoration section, Second?term restoration section, First?term restoration tributary section) in wuxi suburb, collected sediment cores to lab, and applied phoslock and sand ( 2 cm thickness) to test their utility of sediment phosphorus release control. The results showed that, because of the different pollution type and pollution degree of different types river in the Chang Guangxi, phosphorus release rate from sediment have obvious difference. Beside the Second?term restoration section, all of the phosphorus contents and sediment release rates were high. Therefore, it is very necessary to control the sediment phosphorus release before the ecological restoration engineering. In all the sections, Phoslock and sand capping effectively control the sediment release of phosphorus, with the efficiency for Phoslock of between 81.25% and 100%, and for sand capping between 62.50% and 93.24%. Beside sewage polluted section and industrial pollution section, the sand capping and Phoslock can effectively control sediment phosphorus release phosphorus to low enough and meet the goals of phosphorus control. This study shows that, during the ecological restoration in rivers locates at Taihu catchment, both Phoslock and sand capping were powerful for sediment phosphorus control. Sand capping can replace Phoslock in quite a lot of pollution types. But anyway, the effect of Phoslock is a relative more stable, durable, easy to operate, phosphorus control material in this region.