针对2013年11月22日青岛黄潍输油管道泄漏爆炸事故中造成的胶州湾海面溢油污染，对采集于胶州湾岸滩的溢油残留物以及原始溢油的风化模拟实验产物进行气相色?谱质谱联用仪（ GC?MS）检测，并对溢油样品的指纹特征和风化规律进行了解析，进而对溢油鉴别过程中生物标志物特征比值参数进行了评价和筛选。结果表明：本次溢油风化损失主要发生在最初的10 d，损失量约为40％，主要以轻质组分为主；受海岸带复杂环境影响，溢油自然风化程度略高于模拟风化；在为期15 d的自然风化过程中，甾萜烷诊断比值受风化作用影响较小（相对标准偏差RSD％＜5％），大多数甲基菲参数受到风化作用的一定影响（5％＜ RSD％＜20％）；除了常规参数甲基二苯并噻吩指数（MDR）外，甲基二苯并噻吩／甲基菲比值（MDBT／MP）、4?乙基二苯并噻吩／2，4?二甲基二苯并噻吩比值（4?EtDBT／2，4?DMDBT）、2，4?／1，4?二甲基二苯并噻吩比值（2，4?／1，4?DMDBT）和4，6?／1，4?二甲基二苯并噻吩比值（4，6?／1，4?DMDBT）等油气地化研究中烷基二苯并噻吩成熟度参数亦能较好地用于短期风化溢油鉴别，可为溢油事故发生后肇事者的确定开拓新途径。
The explosion induced by Huangwei pipeline leakage on Nov 22, 2013, caused petroleum pollution in Jiaozhou Bay. In this study, the original spilled oil and oil residue were analyzed by gas chromatography?mass spectrometer for revealing short?term weathering effects on conventional biomarker diagnostic indicators of terpanes, steranes and PAHs ( polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) . The results showed that about 40% weathering loss, especially the light component before n?C21 , has occurred mainly during the first ten days. Due to the complicated coastal environment, natural weathering degree is slightly higher than that of the simulated weathering. In the natural weathering process during the 15 days, steranes and terpanes diagnostic ratio affected by weathering is smaller ( relative standard deviation, RSD% < 5%) . Furthermore, most alkylphenanthrene indexs were affected by the weathering process with RSD% of 5%—20%. In addition, the diagnostic ratio of alkylated dibenzothiophenes in petroleum as a tool for maturity assessments, such as MDBT/MP , 4?EtDBT/2,4?DMDBT, 2,4?/1,4?DMDBT, 4,6?/1,4?DMDBT, can also well be used for the short?term weathered spilled oil identification.
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