建立了顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(HSPME-GC-MS)的分析方法同时检测城市水源水中的9种痕量嗅味物质,具体包括6种土霉味物质(2-甲基异莰醇、土嗅素、2-异丙基-3-甲氧基吡嗪、2-异丁基-甲氧基吡嗪、2-甲基苯并呋喃和2,4,6-三氯苯甲醚)及3种其他种类的嗅味物质(1种鱼腥味物质反,反-2,4-庚二烯醛,1种干草味物质β-环柠檬醛和1种芳香味物质β-紫罗兰酮).在水浴加热搅拌的条件下,利用固相微萃取纤维顶空吸附水中挥发出的嗅味物质,随后在GC-MS上进行物质解吸并检测.本研究对比了不同HSPME萃取纤维的萃取效果,并优化了萃取时间、萃取温度及解吸温度等前处理及仪器条件.研究得到的最优检测条件为:2 cm 50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS萃取纤维,在65℃下加热30 min,并于GC进样口解吸3 min.9种嗅味物质在1-200 ng·L-1范围内线性良好,方法检出限为1.36-7.70 ng· L-1,其中8种嗅味物质的检出限均低于3.3 ng·L-1,对水源水的加标回收率为57.7％-94.8％.测定3个不同城市水源水样品中的嗅味物质浓度,9种物质在水源水中均有检出.除太湖中所含的MIB外,其余水体中MIB及所有水体中的GSM均超过了《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB5749-2006)中所规定的值.实验证明,HSPME-GC-MS可满足城市水源水中9种痕量嗅味物质的同时检测.
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