研究了γ?六溴环十二烷（γ?HBCD）对玉米的对映体选择性毒性效应．采用高效液相色谱法制备得到（＋）γ?HBCD和（－）γ?HBCD 2个对映体．以玉米为受试植物，将幼苗分别暴露于不同浓度的（＋）γ?HBCD、（－）γ?HBCD和外消旋HBCD（（ rac）γ?HBCD）溶液中．结果表明，玉米幼苗的生长受到了明显的影响，根生物量、地上部分生物量、根长度、地上部分长度等生理指标均受到显著抑制，且抑制率为（＋）γ?HBCD ＞（ rac ）γ?HBCD ＞（－）γ?HBCD；与（ rac）γ?HBCD和（－）γ?HBCD相比，低浓度的（＋）γ?HBCD显著诱导了玉米根和地上部分超氧化物歧化酶（ SOD）和过氧化物酶（ POD）的活性，高浓度时则表现为抑制作用；组蛋白H2AX的磷酸化水平随γ?HBCD对映体和外消旋体暴露浓度的增加均呈现先升高后降低的趋势，其中（＋）γ?HBCD的诱导最为显著，表明幼苗体内可能发生了对映体选择性DNA损伤．综上所述，γ?HBCD对玉米产生了对映体选择性氧化损伤，且（＋）γ?HBCD的毒性强于（ rac）γ?HBCD和（－）γ?HBCD．
The enantioselective toxicity effect of γ?hexabromocyclododecane (γ?HBCD ) on maize was investigated. Two enantiomers ( (+)γ?HBCD and (-)γ?HBCD ) were prepared by high performance liquid chromatography. Young seedlings of maize were exposed to solutions of (+)γ?HBCD, (-)γ?HBCD and racemate HBCD ((rac)γ?HBCD) with different concentrations. Results indicated that the growth of maize seedlings was affected. The root biomass, shoot biomass, and root and shoot elongation of maize were inhibited significantly after exposure, with the inhibition rates following the order (+)γ?HBCD > ( rac )γ?HBCD > (-)γ?HBCD. In contrast to ( rac )γ?HBCD and (-)γ?HBCD, the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase ( SOD) and peroxidase ( POD ) both in roots and shoots were significantly induced by exposure to low concentrations of (+)γ?HBCD and decreased at higher concentrations. The intensities of histone H2AX phosphorylation increased initially with increasing concentration of γ?HBCD enantiomers and racemate and then decreased. Moreover, the most significant induction was observed in the (+)γ?HBCD treatment, indicating the enantio?specific DNA damage in maize. All of these results demonstrated the significant enantioselective oxidative damage of γ?HBCD to maize with a higher toxicity of (+)γ?HBCD than ( rac)γ?HBCD and (-)γ?HBCD.
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