对贵州金沙燃煤型电厂周围土壤有机质、重金属含量现状进行分析,并采用土壤生态风险预警评估对研究区土壤重金属污染进行生态风险评价.结果表明,土壤中有机质含量丰富,平均值为41.54 g·kg-1,处于1级(很丰富)水平,均未出现有机质含量处于缺乏或急缺的级别;有机质与重金属形态的相关性分析显示,有机质与各元素的多个形态都存在一定的相关性;土壤重金属生态风险预警评估表明:在所分析的元素中,单项生态风险指数处于无警以上级别的风险概率排序为:Hg＞Cu=Pb＞Zn＞As=Cd;研究区综合指数处于无警级别的概率为15.62％,而处于预警、轻警、中警、重警级风险的概率分别为3.13％、40.63％、21.87％、18.75％.表明研究区土壤重金属污染大部分处于轻警以上级别,生态环境已受到一定破坏,应该加强对该地区的重金属污染进行治理.
The concentrations of organic matter and heavy metals (Hg,Cu,Pb,Zn,As and Cd) were analyzed in soils around a coal-fired power plant in Jinsha (Guizhou Province,China),and the ecological risks of these heavy metals were evaluated by using the ecological risk warning assessment.The results showed that the concentrations of organic matter in soils were high,with the average value up to 41.54 g· kg-1,which met the threshold limit for the concentration of organic matter at level 1.The concentrations of organic matter in all the samples were above the level of shortage or urgent shortage.The results from the correlation analysis showed that there were some correlations between organic matter and speciation of the heavy metals.The results from the ecological risk warning assessment showed that the order for the risk probability of individual ecological risk index above the level of no alarm was:Hg＞Cu =Pb＞Zn＞As =Cd.The comprehensive indices revealed that the probability was 15.62％ for the sample locations at no alarm level,while the probabilities were 3.13％,40.63％,21.87％ and 18.75％ for sample locations at the levels of early warning,light warning,medium warning and serious warning,respectively.The results indicated that the ecological environment in this area has been adversely affected to some extent,and thus the treatment of heavy metals pollution should be strengthened in the future.
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