压电功能梯度执行器能产生较大的位移、降低应力峰值并避免了粘结层带来的问题,压电梯度超声换能器能拓展频带宽度.本文作者提出了一个简单而有效的求解压电梯度薄壳力、电行为特性的高阶理论.设定位移分量为壳厚的线性函数,而电势沿厚度方向为二次分布.考虑了压电作动元的驱动信号不同时所具有的不同形式的电荷平衡方程.应用Fourier级数法得到压电系数沿厚度坐标变化的梯度壳的力电耦合的解析解.所得结果可退化至梁、板等多种特殊情况.利用所得方程分析了一非均匀简支压电层合板,并与三维精确结果作了对比,两者吻合得很好,表明该理论的正确性.最后具体求解了压电梯度圆柱壳的力、电特性,给出了位移、应力、电势沿厚度方向的变化规律.
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