利用电化学方法和表面分析技术研究了304不锈钢在 硝酸盐及硫酸溶液中的钝化行为.结果表明，304不锈钢经硝酸盐及硫酸溶液中钝化后在3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性大为提高.SEM分析表明，经过H2SO4+KNO3钝化后，钝化膜具有网状的结构，膜层结合紧密；而单独在H2SO4溶液中钝化后，表面为有裂纹的钝化膜，微孔较多；单独在KNO3溶液中钝化，与未处理的基本相同.
The passivation behavior of 304stainless steel by sulfuric acid and nitrate was studied by electrochemical methods and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The experimental results showed that the corrosion resistance in 3.5%NaCl solution increased greatly for the 304SS treated by KNO3 and H2SO4 solution.Whilst when the steel was treated in a solution containing only H2SO4,its corrosion resistance decreased,and the corrosion resistance for304SS treated in KNO3 solution didn't change very much.SEM observation results showed that the surface became smoother when treated by H2SO4 and KNO3,the passive films adhered to the substrate with reticulate like structure.While the passive films showed a lot of cracks,and large amount of pine holes,when the steel was treated in H2SO4 solution.The surface of the steel treated by KNO3 was similar to the untreated ones.
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