以Cr35 Ni45 Nb合金钢为对象进行一系列高温蠕变持久试验,并采用SEM、EDS等对试样外表面、横截面及断口进行了观察分析.结果表明,蠕变过程中Cr35Ni45Nb的氧化腐蚀对持久寿命的影响较大,它主要取决于表面氧化膜破裂-自修复和内氧化两种行为的耦合过程;当氧化膜失去保护作用后,严重的内氧化过程将逐渐向心部扩展,使得晶界强度急剧弱化,材料的有效承载面积减小,从而加速材料的蠕变进程.另外,高温应力环境下Cr35Ni45Nb钢中会同时发生一次碳化物聚合粗化、析出相粒子数目减少、内氧化等化学损伤,以及蠕变空洞的形核长大甚至裂纹的形成等机械应力损伤,这两种损伤相互促进,导致炉管材料组织及力学性能弱化,持久寿命降低,Larson-Miller参数法外推的持久寿命发生一定程度的偏离.
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