利用多束高压电镜（JEOL ARM1300）附带的离子加速器以250keV的Ni离子在300℃辐照含Hf和不含Hf的铁素体钢，以研究Hf的添加对铁素体/马氏体钢中由辐照引起的偏析的影响。用带有能量散射分析仪的场发射枪透射电镜测量了P、Si、Cr和Mo的晶界偏析。结果表明在不含Hf的钢中辐照引起较小原子（P）在晶界的富集和较大原子（Cr）在晶界的贫化。Hf的添加抑制了晶界上较小原子的富集和较大原子的贫化。提出一个辐照引起的非平衡偏析（RIS）模型以预测较小和较大原子在晶界的偏析行为。讨论和评估了Hf对自由迁移的缺陷数量的影响，以预测Hf对P、Cr等元素的晶界偏析行为的作用。对预测结果和实验数据作了比较。
Ferritic steels with and without hafnium (Hf) addition were irradiated by 250 keV nickel-ions at 300 oC in a ion accelerator attached to the Multi-beam High Voltage Electron Microscope (JEOL ARM1300) to study the influence of Hf additions on radiation-induced segregation in a ferritic/martenitic steel. Grain boundary segregation of phosphorus, silicon, chromium and molybdenum were measured by field emission gun transmission electron microscopy with an energy dispersive analyser. The results show that radiation induces the enrichment of undersized atoms (P) and the depletion of oversized atoms (Cr) in the materials without Hf addition. The addition of Hf suppresses radiation-induced undersized atom enrichment and oversized atom depletion. A radiation-induced non-equilibrium segregation (RIS) model is developed to predict undersized and oversized atom segregation behaviour at the grain boundary. The effect of hafnium on freely migrating defect population is discussed and estimated to indicate the effect of the element on segregation behaviour of the elements like P and Cr in the ferritic steel. The predicted results are compared with experimental data.
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