离子聚合物金属复合材料（ionic polymer-metal composites,IPMC）是一种新型电致形变高分子材料,具有广阔应用前景。为了有效描述IPMC的形变规律,基于IPMC致动原理提出了一种电致动模型。建立了阶梯电压下IPMC膜内水合阳离子的力平衡方程,由水合阳离子的浓度分布及水分子的扩散计算得出水分子的浓度以及含水量分布,结合实验所确定的含水量和应变的关系从而确定IPMC沿厚度方向的应变分布。该计算方法适用于不同形状的IPMC致动器。以悬臂梁IPMC致动器为例,通过应变分布计算得到IPMC致动器在阶跃电压下的输出弯矩和相应的位移响应,模拟结果与实验结果的瞬时响应规律高度一致,证明该模型正确。该模型的建立为IPMC结构驱动一体化设计奠定了坚实的基础。
Ionic polymer-metal composites（IPMC） is a new type electroactive polymer material,it has broad application prospects.In order to effectively describe the deformation law of IPMC,an electric-mechanical actuator model for IPMC was proposed in this paper.In this model,force balance equation of hydrated cation was established,and the concentration of water molecules as well as the water content distribution was calculated based on the concentration of hydrated cation distribution and diffusion of water molecules;the relationship between water content and strain was determined by experiments;then the strain distribution along the thickness and the corresponding output displacement of IPMC sample were obtained.The method is suitable for different shapes of IPMC actuators.The results from the simulation and experiment verified that the electric-mechanical actuator model in this paper well expressed the characteristics of the IPMC actuators under a step DC voltage,which proved that the method is correct and feasible.
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