以硅酸盐体系为电解液,利用扫描式微弧氧化(SMAO)方法在铝合金2024的表面成功制备出“蛇形”和“HIT”图案的陶瓷膜层.对扫描式和传统微弧氧化工艺进行了对比,采用扫描电镜和X射线衍射研究了SMAO陶瓷膜的结构和相组成.结果表明,与传统微弧氧化放电过程不同,扫描式微弧氧化在沿阴极前进的方向上依次分布着钝化区、阳极氧化区和微弧氧化区,没有观察到弧光放电.经过一次扫描生成的陶瓷膜厚度约为17μm,膜层只有疏松层,且其中的α-Al2O3含量高于γ-Al2O3.对扫描式微弧氧化放电机理的分析表明,电场在阳极表面的梯度变化可能是同一时间内存在不同放电区域的原因,高达2 400 A/dm2的电流密度使扫描式微弧氧化具有高的成膜效率,同时也导致了疏松层内含有大量的α-Al2O3.
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