采用熔炼法制备出新型Ni-Cu-C固体自润滑材料, 研究了稀土镁球化剂对Ni-Cu-C合金中石墨的球化作用. 结果表明: 在加入铜量0～50%范围内, 用0.75%的稀土镁球化剂可以使结晶的石墨有效球化; 石墨经球化处理后, 形核密度提高, 分布均匀; 铜的固溶作用提高了合金基体的硬度, 增大了材料的电阻率, 在加入量大的情况下, 对石墨有一定的球化作用, 但降低石墨的含量; Ni-Cu-C合金的自润滑性能随石墨含量的提高及球化而得到改善; 与退火态45#钢和GCr15轴承钢进行干摩擦磨损时, Ni-20%Cu-3.5%C合金的摩擦因数分别保持在0.12和0.13.
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