在无皂乳液聚合体系中,通过使用两亲性RAFT试剂可以解决传统RAFT乳液聚合乳液稳定性差、分子量不可控和分子量分布宽等问题.从聚合特点、成核机理以及常用的两亲性RAFT试剂等方面总结了RAFT无皂乳液聚合技术的研究现状.两亲性RAFT试剂作用下的无皂乳液聚合符合RAFT活性聚合的一般特征.两亲性RAFT试剂浓度在其CMC值以上时主要通过胶束成核机理成核,在其CMC值以下则按均相成核机理成核的几率增大.常用的两亲性RAFT试剂主要是双硫酯或三硫酯.目前该方法已经成功应用于均聚物和嵌段共聚物的制备,今后可用于制备梯度共聚物等更多精细结构的聚合物.
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