以含有孤对电子的氮、氧原子的有机胺类缓蚀剂为主要组分，添加功能性助剂，制备了一种热轧钢板、冷轧钢板用常温水基防锈剂。通过正交试验确定了主缓蚀剂和辅助缓蚀剂的最佳组成：主缓蚀剂中，癸二酸、十一碳二元酸、硼酸、单乙醇胺、三乙醇胺的质量比为5∶5∶0∶16∶8；辅助缓蚀剂中，100 g浓缩液含D?葡萄糖酸钠0.1 g、乌洛托品10 g、尿素10 g。该水基防锈剂不含亚硝酸盐，无毒环保，具有低泡、稳定性好、成膜完整致密等优点，其5%工作液在相对湿度≥95%、50°C的湿热条件下对热轧钢板和冷轧钢板均表现出良好的防锈性能，防锈期均可达5 d。
An atmospheric-temperature water-based rust inhibitor for hot- and cold-rolled steel plates was prepared by using organic amine inhibitor containing nitrogen and oxygen atoms with lone pair electrons as a main composition and by adding functional assistants. The optimal composition of main corrosion inhibitor and assistant corrosion inhibitor were obtained in the following by orthogonal test: in main corrosion inhibitor, the mass ratio of sebacic acid to dicarboxylic acid with eleven carbon atoms, boric acid, monoethanolamine, and triethanolamine is 5:5:0:16:8; in assistant corrosion inhibitor, 100 g concentrated solution contains sodiumD-gluconate 0.1 g, urotropine 10 g, and urea 10 g. The water-based rust inhibitor is nitrite-free, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly, has advantages of good stability and low-foaming, and produces complete and compact films. The working solution containing 5% of the water-based rust inhibitor has a good rust resistance for hot- and cold-rolled steel plates under wet and hot conditions of RH≥95% and 50 °C.
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