在模拟压水堆一回路水条件下,用静态高压釜对304L不锈钢进行了1680h腐蚀实验,对氧化膜进行了宏观和微观分析,对均匀腐蚀和均匀腐蚀速率进行了定量评估.结果表明:304L不锈钢在很短的时间内(336 h)就形成了氧化物层.氧化物分为两层,最靠近基体的氧化物颗粒直径为50～100 nm,在细小致密的氧化物颗粒表面均匀分布着0.5～1.6 μm的多边形大颗粒.经过1680 h高温高压腐蚀实验,最靠近基体的氧化物颗粒直径增大为80～250nm,致密细小氧化物颗粒表面分布的多边形颗粒直径增大为0.8～2.5 μm.致密细小氧化物膜具有很强的耐蚀性,腐蚀增重速率先是大幅降低,然后逐渐平缓.经过1680 h后,其均匀腐蚀速率降为2.85×10-3 mg/(dm2·h).
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