二维纳米材料独特的结构特征赋予了其众多的优异性质，充分利用这些特性有利于实现新材料的制备和新产品的开发，而二维纳米材料的规模化可控制备是实现其广泛应用的必要前提。在众多制备二维纳米材料的各类方法中，基于层状前驱体的液相剥离法以其较高的效率和良好的操控性等优点受到了广泛关注。本文详细阐述了二维纳米材料的优异特性及其潜在应用，并以目前研究最为广泛的几种二维纳米材料为例，重点介绍了几种常见的基于三维层状晶体的液相剥离以制备二维纳米材料的方法，最后对各种液相剥离法的适用性进行总结，并对二维纳米材料的发展前景进行展望。
Two-dimensional nanomaterials have unique structural characteristics and various extraordinary properties, which make them attractive for use in the preparation of advanced materials and new products. Large-scale fabrication of these nanomaterials in a controllable way is key for the realization of their applications. Liquid phase exfoliation has been given a great deal of attention in making two-dimensional nanomaterials owing to its high efficiency and excellent controllability. This review elaborates on the supe-rior characteristics and potential applications of two-dimensional nanomaterials while focusing on liquid phase exfoliation methods, including ion-exchange, intercalation-exfoliation, oxidation-reduction, selective etching, direct sonication and shear exfoliation methods. The mechanisms and applicability of these methods are compared and the development prospects of two-dimensional nano-materials are discussed.
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