本文通过力学分析和扫描电镜观察，研究了点接触条件下有表面滑动和无表面滑动摩擦时的接触疲劳裂纹萌生和扩张行为，指出了接触疲劳破坏的典型特征和一般特征．结果表明，在边界润滑条件下，接触疲劳裂纹萌生于表面，以Ⅱ型方式向纵深扩张，裂纹扩张走向与裂纹尖端处最大切应力走向一致．有表面滑动摩擦时，典型的裂纹扩张路径（或剥落坑形状）由呈Ｕ字形的四个阶段组成，无表面滑动摩擦时，扩张路径则由Ｖ字形的三阶段组成；一般的破坏以连续剥落的方式发展，它由相应条件的典型扩张各阶段随机组成．
The initiation and growth behaviours of contact fatigue cracks under point contact and different f conditions (where f is the coefficient of friction) were studied by stress analysis and SEM observation, and the general and typical characteristics of contact fatigue failure were demonstrated. Results show that under the boundary lubrication condition, the contact fatigue crack initiates at the surface and grows into the subsurface in a manner governed by mode II loading, and the orientation of the crack path is controlled by the maximum shear stress at the advancing crack tip. On condition f＝0, the typical crack growing path consists of 4 stages having the shape of the letter U, while it undergoes 3 stages shaped like the letter V on condition f＝0. Generally, the contact fatigue failure results from a series of continuous pitting composed of a stochastic combination of the different stages of a typical crack growth process under conditions f≠0.
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