通过调节扫描轨迹、束流数量、束流能量比、束流间距等参数,进行了316不锈钢电子束焊接同步预热/缓冷复合工艺研究,获得了成形良好的焊接接头.利用光学显微镜、材料试验机、扫描电子显微镜等测试分析了电子束焊接热处理复合接头的显微组织、显微硬度、拉伸性能、拉伸断口.结果表明,与常规电子束焊接相比,电子束焊接热处理复合接头焊缝区的析出相细小均匀,焊缝区及热影响区显的微硬度分布均匀,焊接热处理复合接头抗拉强度提高了6％;接头的微观断口具有韧性断裂特征,断口为典型韧窝断口;电子束焊接热处理复合加工有助于提高焊缝质量和焊缝的力学性能.
The composite processes of electron beam welding and synchronously preheating/slow cooling were carried out on 316 stainless steel by adjusting the parameters including scanning trajectory,beam energy ratio,beam number and spacing to prepare the different welded joints.The microstructure,micro-hardness,tensile properties and fracture of the electron beam welding heat-treated joints were examined and analyzed by means of OM,SEM and EDS analysis,tensile and hardness tests.The results show that compared with the conventional electron beam welding,the precipitated phase in the weld zone of the electron beam welding heat-treated joints is small.The micro-hardness distribution of the weld zone and heat affected zone is uniform.The tensile strength of the electron beam welding heattreated joint increases by 6％ compared with that of the conventional electron beam welding joint.The tensile fracture of the joint has the ductile fracture features.It is typical ductile fracture.The composite process of electron beam welding and heat treatment improves the quality and mechanical properties of the 316 stainless steel weld.
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