将不同比例的羰基铁和羰基镍混合气体在磁场引导下加热分解、形成了铁含量分别为80、55、20(ω/%,质量分数,下同)的羰基铁镍纤维.通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了羰基铁镍纤维相组成和形貌特征.将羰基铁镍纤维混合于环氧树脂中,经强磁场取向后制成同轴样品,通过矢量网络分析仪研究了其在2～18 GHz范围内的微波磁性能.结果发现:羰基铁镍纤维的直径、长径比及形貌可通过磁场大小调节.对于直径为微米级的羰基铁镍纤维,其饱和磁化强度对微波磁性能的影响远大于直径及长径比的影响.当铁含量为20%纤维的直径减小到亚微米(0.8 μm)时,由于忽略了趋肤效应以及高的长径比,使其微波磁性能急剧提高.
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