利用Bridgman定向凝固法,在大凝固速率范围内5～1000 μm/s制备出Bi2Te3-Sb2Te3三元合金块体热电材料,并对其凝固组织和不同凝固速率下合金的热电性能进行研究.结果表明:高温度梯度和大凝固速率范围内制备的25％Bi2Te3-75％Sb2Te3合金定向凝固组织由Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3单相组织组成;在较低凝固速率5μm/s下,熔体生长平界面失稳形成胞状组织,而随定向凝固速率的增加,胞状组织减少,组织细化.不同定向凝固速率下25％Bi2Te3-75％Sb2Te3合金的Seebeck系数和电阻率随着凝固速率的增加而增大.50 μm/s下300～450 K范围内获得功率因子(PF)在4.6×10-3～5.01×10-3 W/(K2·m),并在350 K时PF值达到最大值5.01× 10-3 W/(K2·m);而在高凝固速率500 μm/s下,其功率因子也可达4.5×10-3W/(K2·m),表明高温度梯度和大凝固速率制备热电材料是一种有效的制备工艺方法.
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