采用聚合物对SiO2气凝胶进行改性,是改善其质脆易碎性的一种行之有效的方法,开创了一种对气凝胶改性的崭新思想.总结了聚合物改性SiO2气凝胶的原理、方法、进展及其性能.SiO2气凝胶经聚合物改性后,强度通常可提高2个数量级,柔韧性可调,而本身的体积密度仅增加几倍,其原有的纳米孔隙结构及其优良性能得以保留.但是,这种改性气凝胶还有诸多有待改进的地方,如常压干燥技术的研究、体积密度和热导率的降低、制备过程的简化以及耐高温性能的改善等.
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