采用液相化学还原法从碱性蚀刻废液中制备高纯度的纳米铜粉,以回收碱性蚀刻废液中的铜.研究了还原剂种类和用量、反应温度和反应时间对纳米铜粉形貌、粒度和分散性的影响.结果表明,制备纳米铜粉的最佳还原剂为水合肼,最优工艺条件为:PVP(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)0.003 g/L,CTAB(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)0.002 g/L,n(N2H4·H2O)∶n{[Cu(NH3)4]2+}＝1∶3,反应温度70℃,反应时间30 min.采用最优工艺可制得球状、粒径在100 nm范围内、纯度高、抗氧化性好的纳米铜,对碱性蚀刻废液中铜的回收率在98％以上.
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