借助等离子体引发丙烯酸-3-(全氟-3-甲基丁基)-2-羟丙酯在碳纳米管表面的诱导接枝聚合,得到新型氟化碳纳米管( f-CNTs),进而制备出f-CNT/热塑性聚氨酯( f-CNT/TPU)复合弹性体。结果表明,氟化虽不改变CNTs的表面结构,但却在其组成中引入了含量10.40%的氟元素。经含氟高聚物接枝碳纳米管的平均直径约为30 nm,均匀分散于TPU基体中。随着f-CNTs含量的增加,所得f-CNT/TPU复合弹性体的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均呈现先增后减趋势。当f-CNTs加入量为0.3%时,该复合弹性体的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别高达36.5 MPa和630%,较纯TPU弹性体分别提高40.4%和26.5%,并初步探讨了可能的增强增韧机理。而随着f-CNTs含量的增加,f-CNT/TPU复合弹性体的表面自由能由27.3 mN/m降低至9.9 mN/m,表现出优异的表面性能。
Carbon nanotubes ( CNTs) were grafted with acrylic acid-3-( perfluoro-3-methykbutyl)-2-hydroxypropylate by an oxy-gen plasma-assisted method to increase their dispersion in thermoplastic polyurethane ( TPU) . The TPU monomers and the grafted CNTs were mixed and polymerized to prepare the CNT/TPU composites. Results show that the grafting procedure has little effect on the structure of the CNTs. The grafted CNTs have a fluorine content of 10. 40% and a diameter of about 30 nm, and are uniformly dispersed in the TPU matrix. The tensile strength and elongation at fracture of the composites have maxima of 36. 5 MPa and 630%, respectively, at a CNT content of 0. 3%, and these are respectively 40. 4% and 26. 5% higher than those of pure TPU. Moreover, the surface free energy of the composites decreases from 27. 3 to 9. 9 mN/m with increasing CNT content from 0 to 0. 8%.
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